What are the basic components of an LCD liquid crystal display?

In daily life, we all use various electronic devices, and LCD liquid crystal display modules are one such electronic component. Most people are likely quite unfamiliar with them. Next, let’s take a closer look at some key knowledge points on this topic.

The following introduces the three basic components and characteristics of LCD liquid crystal displays. Let’s explore them together:

1. Liquid Crystal Material
The liquid crystal material is the main component of an LCD screen. Different devices use different liquid crystal materials, most of which are mixtures of several or even over a dozen single liquid crystal materials.

2. Polarizer
The polarizer, also called polarized light, is made of plastic film material and coated with a layer of optical pressure-sensitive adhesive. It can be attached to the surface of the liquid crystal cell. The front polarizer also has a protective film on its surface, which should be removed before use. Polarizers are sensitive to high temperatures and humidity, which can cause depolarization or bubbling.

3. Glass Substrate
This is a thin glass sheet produced by the float method, with an extremely smooth surface. It is coated with a transparent conductive layer, such as Zn2O3 or SnO2 (ITO film). After processing, it forms a transparent conductive pattern. Scratches, cuts, or corrosion can render the vacuum component unusable.